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      <h1 id="日志级别">日志级别</h1>
<p>日志的级别，从高到低依次为：OFF、FATAL、ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG、TRACE、 ALL。</p>
<p>官方建议使用四个级别：ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG。</p>
<h1 id="slf4j--log4j2">SLF4J + Log4j2</h1>
<p>官方文档：https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/articles.html</p>
<p>1）依赖</p>
<pre><code class="language-xml">    &lt;dependencies&gt;
        &lt;!--slf4j--&gt;
        &lt;dependency&gt;
            &lt;groupId&gt;org.slf4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
            &lt;artifactId&gt;slf4j-api&lt;/artifactId&gt;
            &lt;version&gt;1.7.26&lt;/version&gt;
        &lt;/dependency&gt;
        &lt;!--桥接器--&gt;
        &lt;dependency&gt;
            &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.logging.log4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
            &lt;artifactId&gt;log4j-slf4j-impl&lt;/artifactId&gt;
            &lt;version&gt;2.11.2&lt;/version&gt;
        &lt;/dependency&gt;
        &lt;!--log4j2依赖的两个包--&gt;
        &lt;dependency&gt;
            &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.logging.log4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
            &lt;artifactId&gt;log4j-api&lt;/artifactId&gt;
            &lt;version&gt;2.11.2&lt;/version&gt;
        &lt;/dependency&gt;
        &lt;dependency&gt;
            &lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.logging.log4j&lt;/groupId&gt;
            &lt;artifactId&gt;log4j-core&lt;/artifactId&gt;
            &lt;version&gt;2.11.2&lt;/version&gt;
        &lt;/dependency&gt;
    &lt;/dependencies&gt;
</code></pre>
<p><a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/maven-artifacts.html#Using_Log4j_in_your_Apache_Maven_build">http://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/maven-artifacts.html#Using_Log4j_in_your_Apache_Maven_build</a></p>
<p>2）log4j.xml</p>
<p>官方文档：https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/configuration.html#XML</p>
<p>最简配置：</p>
<pre><code class="language-xml">    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;  
    &lt;configuration status=&quot;OFF&quot;&gt;  
        &lt;appenders&gt;  
            &lt;Console name=&quot;Console&quot; target=&quot;SYSTEM_OUT&quot;&gt;  
                &lt;PatternLayout pattern=&quot;%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n&quot;/&gt;  
            &lt;/Console&gt;  
        &lt;/appenders&gt;  
        &lt;loggers&gt;  
            &lt;root level=&quot;error&quot;&gt;  
                &lt;appender-ref ref=&quot;Console&quot;/&gt;  
            &lt;/root&gt;  
        &lt;/loggers&gt;  
    &lt;/configuration&gt;
</code></pre>
<p>复杂点配置：</p>
<pre><code class="language-xml">&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;
&lt;Configuration status=&quot;INFO&quot;&gt;
    &lt;!--先定义所有的appender--&gt;
    &lt;Appenders&gt;
        &lt;Console name=&quot;Console&quot; target=&quot;SYSTEM_OUT&quot;&gt;
            &lt;!--控制台只输出level及以上级别的信息（onMatch），其他的直接拒绝（onMismatch）--&gt;
            &lt;ThresholdFilter level=&quot;trace&quot; onMatch=&quot;ACCEPT&quot; onMismatch=&quot;DENY&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;PatternLayout pattern=&quot;%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %class{36} %L %M - %msg%xEx%n&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/Console&gt;
        &lt;!--每次运行程序会自动清空，适合临时测试用--&gt;
        &lt;File name=&quot;log&quot; fileName=&quot;log/test.log&quot; append=&quot;false&quot;&gt;
            &lt;PatternLayout pattern=&quot;%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %class{36} %L %M - %msg%xEx%n&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/File&gt;
        &lt;!-- 这个会打印出所有的信息，每次大小超过size，则这size大小的日志会自动存入按年份-月份建立的文件夹下面并进行压缩，作为存档--&gt;
        &lt;RollingFile name=&quot;RollingFile&quot; fileName=&quot;logs/app.log&quot;
                     filePattern=&quot;log/$${date:yyyy-MM}/app-%d{MM-dd-yyyy}-%i.log.gz&quot;&gt;
            &lt;PatternLayout pattern=&quot;%d{yyyy-MM-dd 'at' HH:mm:ss z} %-5level %class{36} %L %M - %msg%xEx%n&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size=&quot;50MB&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;!-- 则默认为最多同一文件夹下7个文件，这里设置了20 --&gt;
            &lt;DefaultRolloverStrategy max=&quot;20&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/RollingFile&gt;
    &lt;/Appenders&gt;

    &lt;!--然后定义logger，只有定义了logger并引入的appender，appender才会生效--&gt;
    &lt;Loggers&gt;
        &lt;root level=&quot;INFO&quot;&gt;
            &lt;appender-ref ref=&quot;RollingFile&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;appender-ref ref=&quot;Console&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/root&gt;
    &lt;/Loggers&gt;

&lt;/Configuration&gt;
</code></pre>
<p>自我总结：<!-- raw HTML omitted -->与<!-- raw HTML omitted -->日志级别尽量保持一致 ——20190604</p>
<p>3）使用</p>
<pre><code class="language-java">public class LogTest {

    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogTest.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        logger.error(&quot;error&quot;);

    }
}
</code></pre>
<hr>
<p>死循环：</p>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/rulerLwx/PicGo/raw/master/img/20200708012718.png" alt=""></p>
<h1 id="slf4j--logback">SLF4J + Logback</h1>
<h2 id="slf4j">SLF4J</h2>
<p>知识点：log4j/logback/slf4j 都是同一个人写的，https://github.com/qos-ch</p>
<p>官方手册：https://logback.qos.ch/manual/introduction.html</p>
<h3 id="日志框架都需要哪些依赖-图解">日志框架都需要哪些依赖-图解</h3>
<p>教程：https://ke.qq.com/course/403245?taid=3394046366459693</p>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/rulerLwx/PicGo/raw/master/img/20200708012832.png" alt=""></p>
<p>另外，第三方框架使用不同的日志框架，如何统一呢？使用桥接：</p>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/rulerLwx/PicGo/raw/master/img/20200708012913.png" alt=""></p>
<h3 id="开源框架默认使用的日志框架">开源框架默认使用的日志框架</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>开源框架</th>
<th>默认使用的框架</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Spring</td>
<td>JCL</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MyBatis</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hibernate</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Spring Boot</td>
<td>SFL4J + logback</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Spring框架默认使用JCL(Jakarta Commons Logging)</p>
<p>SpringBoot底层是Spring，对Spring的日志进行了包装，选用 SFL4J + logback</p>
<h2 id="slf4j--logback-1">SLF4J + Logback</h2>
<p>spring boot 中的默认日志依赖：</p>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/rulerLwx/PicGo/raw/master/img/20200708012943.png" alt=""></p>
<p>spring boot 默认配置好了日志，可以直接使用：</p>
<pre><code class="language-java">@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBootLogTest {

    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

    @Test
    public void test(){
        logger.trace(&quot;这是trace日志&quot;);
        logger.debug(&quot;这是debug日志&quot;);
        logger.info(&quot;这是info日志&quot;);
        logger.warn(&quot;这是warn日志&quot;);
        logger.error(&quot;这是error日志&quot;);
    }
}
</code></pre>
<p>默认是info级别的日志</p>
<p>可以在application.properties文件中修改配置：</p>
<pre><code class="language-properties"># log
logging.level.com.demo=trace
</code></pre>
<p>或在类路径（resources）下放上日志配置文件，SpringBoot就不使用默认的配置了。</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Logging System</th>
<th>Customization</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Logback</td>
<td>logback-spring.xml, logback-spring.groovy, logback.xml or logback.groovy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Log4j2</td>
<td>log4j2-spring.xml or log4j2.xml</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>JDK (Java Util Logging)</td>
<td>logging.properties</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>参考：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.21.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-logging</p>
<h3 id="占位符-">占位符</h3>
<pre><code class="language-java">    public static void test1() {
        logger.error(&quot;aaa{}ccc{}eee{}ggg{}iii{}kkk{}lll&quot;, &quot;bbb&quot;, &quot;ddd&quot;, &quot;fff&quot;, &quot;hhh&quot;, &quot;jjj&quot;, &quot;mmm&quot;);
    }
</code></pre>
<p>参考：https://blog.csdn.net/Dongguabai/article/details/83720885</p>
<h3 id="附件logbackxml">附件：logback.xml</h3>
<pre><code class="language-xml">&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot; ?&gt;
 &lt;configuration&gt;
&lt;!--定义日志文件的存储地址 勿在 LogBack 的配置中使用相对路径--&gt;  
    &lt;property name=&quot;LOG_HOME&quot; value=&quot;${catalina.base}/logs/&quot; /&gt;  
    &lt;!-- 控制台输出 --&gt;   
    &lt;appender name=&quot;Stdout&quot; class=&quot;ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender&quot;&gt;
       &lt;!-- 日志输出编码 --&gt;  
        &lt;layout class=&quot;ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout&quot;&gt;   
             &lt;!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符--&gt; 
            &lt;pattern&gt;%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n   
            &lt;/pattern&gt;   
        &lt;/layout&gt;   
    &lt;/appender&gt;   
    &lt;!-- 按照每天生成日志文件 --&gt;   
    &lt;appender name=&quot;RollingFile&quot;  class=&quot;ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender&quot;&gt;   
        &lt;rollingPolicy class=&quot;ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy&quot;&gt;
            &lt;!--日志文件输出的文件名--&gt;
            &lt;FileNamePattern&gt;${LOG_HOME}/server.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log&lt;/FileNamePattern&gt;   
            &lt;MaxHistory&gt;30&lt;/MaxHistory&gt;
        &lt;/rollingPolicy&gt;   
        &lt;layout class=&quot;ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout&quot;&gt;  
            &lt;!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符--&gt; 
            &lt;pattern&gt;%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n   
            &lt;/pattern&gt;   
       &lt;/layout&gt; 
        &lt;!--日志文件最大的大小--&gt;
       &lt;triggeringPolicy class=&quot;ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy&quot;&gt;
         &lt;MaxFileSize&gt;10MB&lt;/MaxFileSize&gt;
       &lt;/triggeringPolicy&gt;
    &lt;/appender&gt;     

    &lt;!-- 日志输出级别 --&gt;
    &lt;root level=&quot;info&quot;&gt;   
        &lt;appender-ref ref=&quot;Stdout&quot; /&gt;   
        &lt;appender-ref ref=&quot;RollingFile&quot; /&gt;   
    &lt;/root&gt; 



&lt;!--日志异步到数据库 --&gt;  
&lt;!--     &lt;appender name=&quot;DB&quot; class=&quot;ch.qos.logback.classic.db.DBAppender&quot;&gt;
        日志异步到数据库 
        &lt;connectionSource class=&quot;ch.qos.logback.core.db.DriverManagerConnectionSource&quot;&gt;
           连接池 
           &lt;dataSource class=&quot;com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource&quot;&gt;
              &lt;driverClass&gt;com.mysql.jdbc.Driver&lt;/driverClass&gt;
              &lt;url&gt;jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/databaseName&lt;/url&gt;
              &lt;user&gt;root&lt;/user&gt;
              &lt;password&gt;root&lt;/password&gt;
            &lt;/dataSource&gt;
        &lt;/connectionSource&gt;
  &lt;/appender&gt; --&gt;

&lt;/configuration&gt;
</code></pre>
<h1 id="faq">FAQ</h1>
<h2 id="slf4jlogbacklog4jlogging的区别与联系">SLF4J/Logback/Log4j/Logging的区别与联系</h2>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/rulerLwx/PicGo/raw/master/img/20200708020216.png" alt=""></p>
<p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32625839/article/details/80893550">https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32625839/article/details/80893550</a></p>

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